Habia establecido que el desperdicio domestico tiene varios elementos que pueden ser desviados para ser utilizados responsablemente. Estos incluyen:
- Material Vegetativo como arboles, ramas
- Material Putrescible como alimentos descompuestos o desperdicios perecederos
- Escombros de construccion
- Metales
- Madera
- Papel de Periodico y Libros
- Gomas de Vehiculos
Actualicemos nuestra discusion. Desde mi sabatica he visto que ha mejorado la recoleccion de desperdicios reciclables del municipio. Por ejemplo, aun estoy sorprendido de lo rapido que el Municipio de Bayamon recogio los escombros del corte y poda de Benito (http://alcantarillaalquimica.blogspot.com/2012/06/275-benito-must-die.html)
Se enfoca en recolectar gomas de vehiculo y el reciclaje de aceites usados. Sin embargo, hoy deseaba enfocar en el manejo de alimentos perecederos, expirados o da/nados. Lo menciono ahora que comienza el nuevo semestre escolar. Como la memoria colectiva es corta les menciono el monton de arroz de Pan American Grain que tuvo que ser decomisado de las escuelas del Departamento de Educacion:
http://www.primerahora.com/decomisanarrozdecomedoresvendidoporpanamericangrain-331130.html
Decomisan arroz de comedores vendido por Panamerican Grain
miércoles, 16 de septiembre de 2009
01:04 p.m.
Frank Gaud Carrau / Prensa Asociada
El Departamento de Educación, en coordinación con el Departamento de Salud, retiró hoy, miércoles, miles de fardos de arroz del almacén regional de Comedores Escolares de la región este que se compró en agosto pero resultó dañado.
Aida Vázquez, directora de comedores escolares a nivel central, confirmó que el arroz de los depósitos de Mayagüez, comprado a José Santiago del almacén de Panamerican Grain a un costo de 469,920 dólares, tenía gusanos.
http://www.wasterecyclingnews.com/article/20120706/NEWS02/120709956/ban-food-scraps-from-u-k-landfills-study-urges
Se urge cada vez mas a nivel mundial de la necesidad de eliminar o desviar de estos desperdicios de los vertederos por su potencial contaminante y por su potencial para recobro como energia. Algo del tema:
A recent study in the United Kingdom suggests the country should ban food scraps from landfills by the end of 2020 and turn the perishables into energy through anaerobic digestion.
CentreForum, a UK-based think tank that develops evidence-based, long-term policy solutions, said the process could create enough biogas from green waste and purpose-grown crops to power more than 2.5 million England homes by 2020, according to the report.
Anaerobic digestion breaks down organic compounds to produce renewable energy and nutrient-rich organic fertilizer.
"[Anaerobic digestion] can make a significant contribution to the UK's renewable energy commitments, but only if barriers are removed," the report said.
Some of those barriers include access to financing and feedstock, confusion about government support, and apparent opposition from the UK government to purpose-grown crops.
Otro esfuerzo desde Minnesota:
http://www.co.ramsey.mn.us/ph/rt/food_waste_and_organics.htm
Muchas organizaciones han presentado estos temas que pasaran al olvido. Este en particular es de la Universidad de Cornell:
http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/May12/PuertoRicoRecycle.html
Recycling rates on the island are very low, Bonhotal said. Only 10 percent of waste is recycled on the island, with 90 percent going to landfills, compared with 54 percent going to landfills in the United States, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.
"Up to 60 percent of the waste stream in Puerto Rico is made up of food scraps and other organic materials that could be composted on site or in a municipal facility," Bonhotal said. "The infrastructure just hasn't been built there."
According to an analysis by Syracuse University, Puerto Ricans also produce more garbage -- 3.9 pounds per person per day, on average -- compared with 3.15 pounds on the mainland.
The reason, Bonhotal said, is because there is no tradition, information or infrastructure to encourage waste reduction in Puerto Rico.
Thus, the Cornell trainings addressed waste management and led a hands-on composting workshop, building worm bins, wire bins and a used-pallet bin. They also included a composting curriculum developed by CWMI in both English and Spanish, for students in grades K-12.
"There's a big push to do waste reduction and diversion," she said of Puerto Rican communities.
While the original goal was to train 10 college students, 50 showed up, from six universities across the island.
Bonhotal said the college students began working in schools even before the group had left Puerto Rico.
"We expect the ripple effect from this will be more than just getting this information to the schools," Bonhotal said. "The 50 students who have been trained will go home and have a compost bin in their yards. The schoolchildren will go home and show their parents. That's what we hope for."
http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/materials/organics/pubs/wast_not.pdf
Del preambulo
Purpose of this Guide
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has found that more than one-quarter of all the food produced for human consumption in America is currently discarded. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has found that discarded food is either the largest or next single largest component (depending on classification) of America’s solid waste. The issue of how to reduce such waste is critical.
While this guide emphasizes processes in which excess food is recovered to feed hungry people, in a later chapter it will detail a “food recovery hierarchy” that shows how surplus food can be utilized at several levels.
This guide references several previously published materials on three prime ways of handling excess food in an environmentally sound manner: feeding food to livestock or zoo animals, recycling food for industrial purposes, and composting food. Because significant written material on those alternatives already exists, this guide primarily focuses on the top priority in the hierarchy: providing excess food to hungry Americans.
Luego sigo desarrollando el tema. En el interin les dejo varias discusiones previas relacionadas al manejo de desperdicios solidos en la Alcantarilla:
